In this research, the poetic diction of Arabic romanticism poets is studied through descriptive-analytic method in which the data (the poetic words) of the poets is investigated both quantitatively (in terms of statistics (tables and frequency of vocabulary variations)) and qualitatively (semantic, musical, and linguistic). The romanticism poets were one of the best cases, for their poetic diction analysis bears special importance in terms of their literary approach and their dominant emotional thoughts, and, also, pave the way for a new research. Among the pioneers of modernism in contemporary Arabic literature -romanticism, and especially the Apollo congregation and its elders- were Ahmad Zaki Aboshadi, Ibrahim Naji, Ali Mahmud Taha, and Abolqasem Shabi. These poets demanded the concordance of literature with the new era; with regard to their inner feelings, they reduced the dominance of reason in the creation of the work of art, and filled their poems with feelings mixed with a sense of grief, bitterness, despair, failure in love, and shelter to nature and the imaginational and supernatural world. In terms of structure, they also used varied and short poetry metrics, multiple rhymes, modern and different poetic images, and simple and fluent figures of speech which contributed to the expression of their thought and brought their work closer to modernity and literary diversity, all of which are analyzed. After conducting the investigations in the current study, it should be added that these poets introduced a new poetic diction to the contemporary Arabic poetry and used their poetic vocabulary in semantic fields which was the language of the people’s conditions and their time and portrayed their inner concerns in the best way. In addition to applying these new conscientious and emotional contents that were closely linked to the humane and individual dimension, they also achieved a simple, expressive, vivid, and dynamic structure that led to the dominance of literary and artistic pleasure over poetry expression and their poetry to easily penetrates the audience's spirit.